2008年11月26日星期三

一首很多人不喜欢的、嘈杂的、噪音太大的歌

问:美国一个乐队“枪与玫瑰”发行了一张名为《中国民主》的新专辑,中方对此有何反应?

(外交部发言人秦刚)答:据我了解,很多人不喜欢这类音乐,因为它太嘈杂,噪音太大。我想你应该是一个成熟的成年人了吧?

It don’t really matter
You’ll find out for yourself
No it don’t really matter
You’re gonna leave these thing to
Somebody else

If they missionaries
Real time visionaries
Sitting in a Chinese stew
To view my dis-infatu-ation
I know that I’m a classic case
Watch my disenchanted face
Blame it on the Falun Gong
They’ve seen the end and you can’t hold on now

Cause it would take a lot more hate than you
To stop the fascination
Even with an iron fist
Our baby got to rule the nation
But all I got is precious time

It don’t really matter
You’re gonna find out for yourself
No it don’t really matter
So you can hear now from
Somebody else

Cause it would take a lot more time than you
I’ve got more masturbation
Even with your iron fist
Our baby got to rule the nation but all I got is
Precious time
Our baby got to rule the nation but all I got is
Precious time

It don’t really matter
Gonna keep it to myself
No it don’t really matter
So you can hear it now from
Somebody else

You think you got it all locked up inside
And if you beat them all up they’ll die
Then you’ll walk them home for the cells
Then now you’ll dig for your road back to hell
And with your makes you stop
As if your eyes were their eyes you can tell
In your lack of time

2008年11月24日星期一

我那草样童年

发信人: xianggeyinh (小白免&大灰狠), 信区: Memory
标 题:
发信站: (水木社区Sat Nov 8 13:43:31 2008), 站内

有些东西,小之又小,却在心间常驻,任时光匆匆而逝,挥之不去。因为,小小的它们承载着浓浓的情意。在人生之道路上,时时伴在我身边,陪着我度过快乐抑或艰难的日子。对此,我永远心存感恩。

作业本

儿时,家里很穷。

但我不介意,似乎没有零食吃,没有新衣服穿也从来成不了不快乐的理由。

连作业本,也很少用新的,因为可以用姐姐的:她写正面,我写反面就是了。老师也习惯了收到这么一份略显特殊的作业。但有次上课,老师把我叫到了讲桌前,说看不清我的作业,因为正面的钢笔字迹太浓了,希望我下次换个新作业本……

其实,我哪里不想用新作业本了?只不过我习惯了把姐姐的作业本用完再考虑买新的了。还有,“小不点”的我也是要面子的嘛,背后那么多同学听着呢……

可是,接下来的事儿却是我未曾想到的:以后的日子里,隔三岔五地,我会从自己的抽屉里发现一个,甚至几个,崭新的、一个字儿都没写过的作业本!

虽然只是薄薄的作业本而已,可每次我轻轻地拿起它们时,心中都充满着怎样的感动呵。时至今日,它们仍在温暖着我的心。

那年,我小学一年级,开始了学校里的第一堂课。

那年,小伙伴们给我上了人生的第一堂课。至今,我仍在学习。

那些羊儿

确切讲,“那些”只是两只。

交过小学的毕业试卷,迎来了一个好长的假期,本想和小伙伴们好好玩耍的,如果不是妈妈早替我计划好了的话。

她专门从集市上买了两只小羊。原来,我的任务就是放羊!想想一个美好的假期只能陪着它们度过,心里就老大不乐意,不过我哪儿敢不听妈妈的话呢。

说到这,得插一句:老家的门前有条河(虽然四季不见水),河床里长满了青青的草,青草上有很多白白的羊,再加上蓝蓝的天上云儿飘,俨然一幅温馨的乡村美景图了……

但让人走进图中,天天陪着羊儿吃草,事情就没那么美好了:它们吃得倒香,哪里理会得我恨不得插了翅膀飞去和小伙伴们一块游戏的心情。

但,我错怪了:它们不但能猜透我的心思,还拿我当了好朋友:

有次,被暖暖的阳光晒得昏昏沉沉的我,躺在软软的草地上美美地睡着了。醒来却着急了:放羊的人儿刚睡了一觉,羊儿却不知哪里去了!记得当时都快急哭了:不敢乱跑去找它们,更不敢回家告诉妈妈,就只能忐忑不安地坐在那里。

可是,到了傍晚,天色快要黑下来的时候,那俩家伙,却不知道从哪里跑了回来。最好笑的是:还扛着吃得圆嘟嘟的肚子,如平时一样气定神闲地踱着碎步,仿佛拿准了我会在原地等它们似的。本来攒足了劲儿想好好教训一下它们的我,却突然不争气地想去抱抱它们。

还有次,就在我们仨各忙各的时候:它俩吃草,我看小人儿书,草地上突然冲来了条大狗!恶狠狠地叫着向我跑来,顿时我被吓得愣住了。没想到的事儿又发生了:有只羊儿竟跑了过来,挡在我面前,把它的角朝向大狗,摆出了一副对峙的架势!大概和我一样,那条狗也是第一次见识到一贯温顺的羊儿竟然有这么勇猛的时候,只叫了几声就走掉了。可这幅景象,却深深地留在了我的脑海里。

更有数不清的次数,它们吃饱了,没事了,就跑到我面前撒欢儿:或是独自打个滚儿,或是“俩人儿”顶顶羊角玩……。这种时候,我就会跟着它们一块开心,因为我知道这是它们怕我寂寞呢!

就这样,我们成了朋友;就这样,我不但陪了它们一个假期,直至上了初中好长一段时间,还常在周末抽空陪它们去吃草;就这样,我看着它们从羊姑娘边成了羊妈妈……

所以,当那天妈妈告诉我要卖掉它们时,我的心里竟有了深深的不舍!尤难忘的是,被牵出家门口时,它们仿佛有了预感,不断地回头朝我“咩咩”地叫……

从那时候起,我就下了决心:以后一定不养任何动物。

妈妈的地摊儿
有时,我会暗自庆幸:幸亏小时候家里条件不好,要不然怎么会有这么多美好的记忆呢?就比如:妈妈的地摊儿

印象中,妈妈永远是个闲不住的人。要不农闲的时候咋就不知道好好歇会儿呢,偏偏要到街道上摆个小摊儿卖点东西呢。也因此故,在儿时的我看来,我的妈妈简直是无所不能:她的小摊上什么都有过,蔬菜、水果、饮料、玩具……

太小的时候帮不上什么。上初中后,姐姐已到县城读高中,爸爸也常不在家,我自然而然地就成了她“事业”上的帮手:

中午,她常顾不上回家帮我做饭,我就学会了做面条,吃完了赶紧给她送碗饭,然后再匆匆地赶回学校上课;当然,我的“手艺”远不如妈妈。于是,另外一些时候,我就会帮她看摊儿,让她回去做碗好吃的午饭

周末或者假期,我很乐意和妈妈一块出摊儿:那时候小嘛,常打的小算盘就是帮妈妈算算账,还口算,不用计算器的。每每都能博得来买东西叔叔或阿姨们赞许的目光,心里别提多美了

可也有尴尬的时候。常见的情况是:远远地,看到了来买东西的竟是学校的老师。那时,好面子的我真想找个地缝里钻进去。可地缝儿是没有的,只能把头低呀、低呀、低呀……,都快成鸵鸟了。不过,老师往往是善意地开我的玩笑,故意过来询问价钱。我亦只能装出一幅很吃惊地样子:“呀,老师,是您啊?我刚没看到呢……”

对我这的这份狡诘,老师往往报之以温暖的笑容和鼓励的眼神……。于是,我也慢慢地变得坦然,变得从容,变得心存感激。只因这种笑容和眼神背后的那份理解和善良,在我心中,那是世界上最美好的东西……

Russia\'s new presence in Latin America | csmonitor.com

Russia's new presence in Latin America | csmonitor.com

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2008年11月19日星期三

话题:上海旗忠村给村民分红1亿元 13000亩征地调查

网易浙江绍兴网友(122.224.*.*) 的原贴:
夫80后者,初从文,未及义务教育之免费,不逮高等学校之分配,适值扩招,过五关,斩六将,硕博相继,数年乃成,负债十万。觅生计,十年无休,披星戴月,秉烛达旦,蓄十万。楼市暴涨,不足购房,遂投股市,翌年缩至万余,抑郁成疾。医保曰,不符大病之条例,拒赔。乃倾其所有,入院一周病无果,因欠费被逐院门。友怜之,赊三鹿一包,冲而饮,卒。

简单介绍SWARM,ASCAPE,PPAST,TNG-lab

SWARM
从1994 年开始,桑塔费研究所(SFI)开发一个称做Swarm的软件工具集。用来帮助科学家们分析复杂适应系统。1995 年SFI 发布了Swarm的beta 版。Swarm最初只能在Unix操作系统和 X Windows界面下运行。1998年四月,推出了可以在Windows 95/98/NT上运行的版本。
1999年,Swarm又提供了对Java的支持,从而使Swarm 越来越有利于非计算机专业的人士使用。用户可以使用Swarm 提供的类库构建模拟系统,使系统中的主体和元素通过离散事件进行交互。SWARM可以用于各个广泛的研究领域,比如说生物学,经济学,物理学,化学和生态学等。
Swarm的整个思想是提供一个执行环境,在这个环境中,大量的对象能够“生活”,并以一种分布式的并行方式互相作用。Swarm建立一种机制,多个时间线程可以互相作用。Swarm支持分级建模方法,具有递归结构。在嵌套中,个体可由其它个体的swarms所组成。父Swarm可以由子Swarm(subswarm)组成。 Swarm提供了面向对象的可重用组件库,用来建模并进行分析,显示以及对实验进行控制。
一个Swarm模型包括了模型Swarm(ModelSwarm)以及观察者Swarm(ObserverSwarm)。Swarm可以将模型的数据收集和实现进行分离.
ModelSwarm 中的每一个对象对应模型世界中的每一个主体。ModelSwarm包括模型中行为的时间表。ModelSwarm 还包括一系列输入和输出。输入的是模型参数,如对象的个数、初始值等;输出的是要观测的变量的值及模型的运行结果。
ObserverSwarm包括一组个体和一个行为时间表。ObserverSwarm 的个体是用来观测的探测器以及输出界面,如图表、二维格点等。ObserverSwarm的行为时间表用来描述各探测器采样的间隔和顺序。
先建ObserverSwarm。在ObserverSwarm 中建立ModelSwarm 作为自身一个 subswarm,并为它分配内存空间。 ModelSwarm 建立模型的主体(agent)以及主体的行为。
SWARM有七个核心库: defobj,collection ,random ,tkobjc ,activity, swarmobject和simtools 。前四个是支持库,有可能在Swarm 之外用到;后三个是Swarm 专有的类库。
参考网站:www.santafe.edu
TNG Lab
TNG Lab(Trade Network Game Lab)是由美国爱荷华州立大学的McFadzean, Stewart和 Tesfatsion开发的,为了研究在一个多样化的市场环境下的商业网络构成而设计的一个特殊的可计算实验室。它包括买家、卖家和经销商人,他们重复地选择更合适的商业伙伴,参与到无合作博弈的有风险的交易中,并随时间推移进化他们的商业策略。它有标准的组件,可扩展,操作简单,适于进行经济研究和教学。它是在windows下运行的。
TNG Lab的最上层是由一个图形用户界面组成,它显示主要市场参量值的变化:例如,每种类型的商人的数量,容量的限制,商业业务报酬,交易成本,呈休止状态的成本,学习参量以及商业期间的数量和长度。这些市场性能指标量结果可以通过一个实时的数据表、图表和动画呈现出来。
这个上层操作是由三个底层模块来支持的,这三个底层模块由一般的类结构(SimBioSys类结构)、扩展的类(TNG/SimBioSys, 提供了实现TNG Lab市场协议和行为准则的扩展)和事件模型(TNG/COM)组成。这些底层模块是可扩展并有标准组件的,使更有经验的用户可以完成更宽泛的应用研究。
在TNG中的每一个商人都是作为一个自治的主体,具有内在的社会规范(市场协议)、对内在状况信息的存储以及内在行为准则。尽管每一个商人都具有相同的一般内在结构,但是商人的类型可以根据他们特殊的市场协议、安装属性以及初始的天资来相互区分;并且每一个商人都能够获得不同的状态信息,并基于他自己独特的过去的经验随时间进化不同的商业行为准则。
在TNG中的活动被分为一些“阶段”的序列。在初始阶段,要根据商人的类型,赋给每一个商人一个“个性”(在他的商业交互中控制他的行为的准则);一个对他的每一个潜在的商业合作者的初始的期望效用估计;以及一个在任何给定的时间他能够接受或提供的商务意向的数量上的容量限制。然后,商人们便重复地参与到一定数量的循环中的三种类型的活动中:(1)基于现有的期望效用估计选择并决定更合适的商业伙伴匹配;(2)与合作伙伴进行交易并交互作用,模拟了无合作博弈;(3)对于期望效用估计的更新,考虑以新的方式发生的搜寻成本,休止状态成本和交易报酬。随后,每一个类型的商人将分别基于由这些准则,战略地更改其商业行为准则,从而一个新的阶段产生。
现在,TNG Lab已经用来进行对劳动力市场中的市场支配力、劳动生产率、失业率以及福利水平等等问题的研究。
参考网站:http://www.econ.iastate.edu/tesfatsi/ tlab00b.zip

RePast
RePast(Recursive Porous Agent Simulation Toolkit)是一种在Java语言环境下,设计生成基于主体的计算机模拟软件架构,它是由芝加哥大学的社会科学计算研究中心开发研制的。RePast的设计目标是使用的方便性和较短的学习周期,以及可扩展性。它提供了一系列的生成,运行主体,显示和收集其数据的类库。RePast还能够对运行中的模型进行“快照”以及生成模型运行的影像资料。RePast从Swarm模拟工具集中借鉴了不少的设计结构和方法,可以说,它是一个“类Swarm”的模拟软件架构。
RePast的设计思想是常见的概念:建立一个像状态机的模拟模型,这种核心状态由它所有的成员的集体性的状态属性组成。这些成员可以被划分为底层结构和表层结构。底层结构是各种各样的模拟基本运行软件块、显示和收集数据软件块。而表层结构是那些模拟模型设计者创立的模拟模型。
RePast含有近130个类,这些类封装在6个库中,还有许多模拟模型实例。下面对这些类库的功能作一个简要介绍:
分析库 Analysis,在分析库中的类,用来聚集,记录数据以及建立数据表。
引擎库 Engine,引擎类负责建立,操纵以及运行一个模拟模型。
游戏库 Games,游戏库中包含了一些如囚徒问题等等的程序。
图形用户界面库 GUI,GUI类负责实现模拟模型的图形可视化,包括提供显示情况的快照的功能以及模型运行的整个时期的多媒体电影影像资料。
空间库 Space,空间类是表述各种空间的基础容量类。这些类通过恰当的接口有效的描述了各种类型的空间(2维表,圆环面等等)。空间库和在GUI库中的显示类联合工作,从而实现了它们所包含的空间以及对象(如,主体元素)的可视化。
Util类库,实用工具包,该类提供了一些产生表单,显示信息对话框等等的常用静态方法。
RePast含有两个比较典型的内部机制:时间序列机制和图形用户界面(GUI-graphic user interface)机制。
参考网站: http://icg.harvard.edu/~gov2015/Technical_Notes/ InstallationNotesForRepast.doc;
http://repast.sourceforge.net/#download

Ascape
Ascape是布鲁金斯研究所(The Brookings Institution)开发的基于主体的建模平台,用来设计和分析基于主体的模型。它完全用Java编写,可以提供很大的参数配置选择,并且可利用Java中强大的类型定义和习语。Ascape主要是为了建立社会经济系统的模型。
Ascape和许多的基于主体研究所使用的其它建模工具有很多相似点。Ascape设计目标有以下7个。
1.它应该是有表达力的,可以用尽可能少的描述来定义一个完整的模型。
2.它应该是通用的,可以用多种方式表达同样的基础建模思想,然后用不同的环境和配置来测试这些思想;适用于很多领域的问题;拥有尽可能常用的特征:图表,模型视图,参数控制工具等,以及大量的常用结构和行为的类库。
3.它的功能应该是强大的,可以提供给高水平用户导向型工具,使其不用编程就可实现模型交互,它也能对复杂的系统建模编程。
4.为支持上述这些目标,它应该是抽象的,它可以封装建模思想和方法论,能够不影响其他方面而在模型的某一方面进行重大的改动,比如改变维数,拓扑结构,规则,结构以及规则的执行命令;可以促进探索和试验,允许模型的设计和工具的简单混合与匹配。
5.简单适用。用户只须由小部分的专家,大部分的潜在的聪明用户组成。尽管有挫败但不会有继续使用的障碍。
6.功能健全。只可能在编译的时候出现中断,中断就给出问题报告。不会在运行时中断。
7.快速Fast。
Ascape的设计关键在于抽象和Scapes。首先,Scapes本质上是功能强大的主体的集合。模型都是由scapes和主体的层次组成。Ascape中的第二个重要的抽象是,scape结构对于主体来说是隐藏的。最后一个抽象就是,行为仅仅通过Scapes发生。
Ascape建立和运行了"囚徒困境"。得到的结果显示具备1.善意的; 2.宽容的; 3.强硬的; 4.简单明了的。特点的人,将总会是赢家。
参考网站: http://www.brook.edu/dybdocroot/Collab/CSED/install.htm

posted on 2004-10-08 15:30 Tutuya

2008年11月16日星期日

【树洞】20081112

7点半下班到住地倒头就睡,醒来的时候是凌晨一点,灯还开着。起来坐在床边,突然想到了一句话:千山皆踏破,万里我独行。我怀疑这是田伯光托梦教给我的,因为光棍节的缘故。一定程度上,无论是在生活还是感情中,坏蛋给予我们很多启示。一个真正的坏人,是没有多少时间抱怨和感叹的,他绝不犹豫等待,也不畏首畏尾,他所有的时间和精力都被用于孜孜不倦地为恶,最终才获得了人人痛恨的成就。一条真正的淫棍,大概也没有时间自怨自艾,流着泪感怀运数的蹇劣,而是马不停蹄地猎艳,不以一城一池的得失为意。如果好人都如同坏人一样努力,那么这个世界上会有更多成功的案例,可惜很多好人都满足于躺在这个名头之上的生活。如果光棍都如同淫棍一样洒脱,那么这个世界能减少许多旷男怨女,纠葛不清的爱恨情仇,但是又有多少人爱上了自己受伤的模样,长久地停留在其中不愿意超拔?

站在旁观者的角度观察别人的人生,能很快发现其中的问题。但要我说,任何一种生活的形态或者感情的范式都自具圆满。没有人是无来由地处于某种生活形态之中,也没有人是无来由地重复某种情感范式。我不大相信那些关于“不得不”的说法,一切“不得不”的后面都是发自内心的真实选择。

每个人都可以教别人打破樊篱,一跃而上改变人生道路,觉得那是一件显而易见的事情。这有点像小学时候的春游,有的同学会在一条小沟面前徘徊许久,仿佛面对的是一道万丈深渊。你在对面呼喊、鼓励、敦促、激将,甚至自己反复示范,但是他还是站在那里犹豫不决。最后,大部分这样的人会跳过去。但是,做出这一决定的力量并不来自外界,而来自于他自己的内心。明白一种说法,接受一种说法,和内心产生力量去产生行为是两件不同的事情。而如何让自己的内心产生力量,在于自己而不在于别人。等到一跃而过,回头去看的时候,一个人因此获得了宝贵的经验和自信,下一次就可以面对更宽更深的壕沟。关键在于有多少意愿去面对这种犹豫时刻,因为大部分情况下,我们可以选择绕路的方法而回避这种艰难的选择。

2008年11月10日星期一

In Latin America, leftist leaders evict US drug warriors

Mexico City - Bolivia has given US Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) officers three months to leave the country – claiming that agents were stirring up political strife in the deeply divided nation.

This fall, Ecuadorians voted yes to a new Constitution that calls for the closure by next year of one of the most important US operations in its war against drugs.

And for the fourth year in a row, Venezuela was singled out by President Bush – as was Bolivia for the first time – for having "failed demonstrably" in antidrug cooperation.

The US has long had a presence in Latin America to stem the northward drug flow; Colombia, Peru, and Bolivia are the world's largest cocaine producers. The US still boasts strong partnerships with many countries, such as Colombia and Mexico. But in others, particularly those led by leftists who have risen in collective condemnation of Washington, leaders are increasingly severing ties.

Their push for more self-determination could represent an opportunity to improve a strategy seen by many as a failure, says Kathryn Ledebur, director of the Andean Information Network in Bolivia.

But Roger Noriega, a former assistant secretary of State for western hemisphere affairs, takes a dimmer view. Moves like Bolivia's expulsion of DEA agents could have an impact on US intelligence-gathering capabilities, he says, but they also appear to weaken some countries' commitment to fighting drug production. "Drug cartels and all the illicit behavior – even the damage done to the environment by drug production – is a transnational challenge that requires international cooperation," he says.

Early this month, Bolivian President Evo Morales, the nation's first indigenous leader who rose to power as head of the coca grower's federation, expelled the DEA, claiming that agents were stoking divisions in a country already violently divided over a new Constitution that seeks more state control over energy resources and more recognition for the indigenous.

"There were DEA agents who worked to conduct political espionage and to fund criminal groups so they could launch attacks on the lives of authorities, if not the president," Mr. Morales said last week

The DEA calls the claims baseless. "We go after drug traffickers.… We don't get involved in things outside our lane," says Garrison Courtney, spokesperson for the DEA. "These are really silly accusations."

The DEA presence in Venezuela has also been dramatically reduced in the past 18 months, according to State Department officials who characterize the reduction as evidence of Venezuela's weak support for international antinarcotics effort.

And Ecuador announced it will not renew the 10-year lease at the Manta airbase, one of the US's most significant operation zones in the region since 1999. President Rafael Correa, who promised in his campaign to close the base, calls it a matter of reciprocity. During a visit to Italy last year, he joked that if the US wanted its base, it would have to allow an Ecuadorian base in Miami.

The closure of Manta "will leave a serious gap in our abilities to monitor antinarcotics operations in the eastern Pacific," says one administration official who declined to be identified because he was not authorized to speak on the record.

Today, an average of 150 US military and civilians are stationed in Manta, and in 2007, some 1,100 counternarcotics missions were launched, says Jose Ruiz, a spokesperson at US Southern Command (Southcom) in Miami. The Manta base missions are responsible for 60 percent of interdictions in the eastern Pacific.

Mr. Ruiz says Southcom will continue to operate out of El Salvador and Aruba and Curaçao – and partner with the US Navy and US Coast Guard.

While the closure may be a blow, the US still has a good working relationship with Ecuador, says Ruiz. US officials say cooperation in the rest of the region is also strong, and in some cases, such as Mexico and Central America, stronger than in the past. But relations with Venezuela and Bolivia have deteriorated to new lows.

During civil strife in Bolivia early this fall, Bolivia expelled US Ambassador Philip Goldberg, claiming he supported opposition leaders. Mr. Chavez followed suit by expelling Patrick Duddy, the US ambassador to Venezuela. Both countries were then singled out by President Bush for failure to cooperate in international antinarcotics efforts, and the US announced it would revoke trade benefits for Bolivia under the Andean Trade Promotion and Drug Eradication Act (ATPDEA).

"Relations between Bolivia and the US have been severed in more ways than people understand," says Eduardo Gamarra, a professor at Florida International University.

Some see an effort in Latin America to reassert national sovereignty. "[The] region as a whole has greater suspicion of US unilateralism," says John Lindsay-Poland, codirector of the Fellowship of Reconciliation Task Force on Latin America and the Caribbean. "It's a blow to the [old US] approach, and I do think it's an opportunity to take a different tack."

Whether geopolitically that can hold is another question, he notes. "The cost for asserting self-determination can be really high," Mr. Lindsay-Poland says, pointing to the rescinding of Bolivia's ATPDEA benefits, which could impact thousands of jobs.

Ms. Ledebur agrees there is an opening for fresh thinking. "The way the war on drugs has been structured in the Andean region hasn't worked for anyone," she says.

She condemns the conditions placed on US aid, saying it doesn't address the poverty, for example, that often drives coca production.

Others say the US is too focused on supply, and needs to target demand in the US.

But Mr. Gamarra is dubious. "Any approach that we've used has not worked," he says. "You can make the argument that ... if only we had well-funded addiction-treatment programs in the US ... [but] even that doesn't work. Recidivism among addicts is very high, treatment is very expensive. We've gone around and around on this debate."

On Thursday, Morales said that Bolivia can take over antidrug operations on its own. He recently announced that Bolivia had met its goal of eradicating 12,300 acres of illegal coca this year – the amount required under law. A UN report from June shows that coca crop cultivation in Bolivia increased by 5 percent in 2007 – compared with 27 percent in Colombia, which is among the US's most loyal allies.

The impact of expelling the DEA will be more heavily felt in transit countries, such as Brazil and Argentina, as well as Europe, where the majority of cocaine from Bolivia heads. Less than 2 percent makes it to the US market, according to a State Department official familiar with counternarcotic programs in the region.

"It takes away our eyes and ears in country itself," says Mr. Courtney. But he says through partnerships with other law enforcement agencies in the region, they will find their way around it. "The same thing happened in Venezuela; we work around it," he noted.

2008年11月6日星期四

奥巴马获胜演讲全文

如果还有人对美国是否凡事都有可能存疑,还有人怀疑美国奠基者的梦想在我们所处的时代是否依然鲜活,还有人质疑我们的民主制度的力量,那么今晚,这些问题都有了答案。

这是设在学校和教堂的投票站前排起的前所未见的长队给出的答案;是等了三四个小时的选民所给出的答案,其中许多人都是有生以来第一次投票,因为他们认定这一次肯定会不一样,认为自己的声音会是这次大选有别于以往之所在。

这是所有美国人民共同给出的答案--无论老少贫富,无论是民主党还是共和党,无论是黑人、白人、拉美裔、亚裔、原住民,是同性恋者还是异性恋者、残疾人还是健全人--我们从来不是“红州”和“蓝州”的对立阵营,我们是美利坚合众国这个整体,永远都是。

长久以来,很多人一再受到告诫,要对我们所能取得的成绩极尽讽刺、担忧和怀疑之能事,但这个答案让这些人伸出手来把握历史,再次让它朝向美好明天的希望延伸。

已经过去了这么长时间,但今晚,由于我们在今天、在这场大选中、在这个具有决定性的时刻所做的,美国已经迎来了变革。

我刚刚接到了麦凯恩参议员极具风度的致电。他在这场大选中经过了长时间的努力奋斗,而他为自己所深爱的这个国家奋斗的时间更长、过程更艰辛。他为美国做出了我们大多数人难以想像的牺牲,我们的生活也因这位勇敢无私的领袖所做出的贡献而变得更美好。我向他和佩林州长所取得的成绩表示祝贺,我也期待着与他们一起在未来的岁月中为复兴这个国家的希望而共同努力。

我要感谢我在这次旅程中的伙伴--已当选美国副总统的拜登。他全心参与竞选活动,为普通民众代言,他们是他在斯克兰顿从小到大的伙伴,也是在他回特拉华的火车上遇到的男男女女。

如果没有一个人的坚决支持,我今晚就不会站在这里,她是我过去16年来最好的朋友、是我们一家人的中坚和我一生的挚爱,更是我们国家的下一位第一夫人:米歇尔·奥巴马(Michelle Obama)。萨莎(Sasha)和玛丽亚(Malia),我太爱你们两个了,你们已经得到了一条新的小狗,它将与我们一起入驻白宫。虽然我的外祖母已经不在了,但我知道她与我的亲人肯定都在看着我,因为他们,我才能拥有今天的成就。今晚,我想念他们,我知道自己欠他们的无可计量。

我的竞选经理大卫·普劳夫(David Plouffe)、首席策略师大卫·艾克斯罗德(David Axelrod)以及政治史上最好的竞选团队--是你们成就了今天,我永远感激你们为实现今天的成就所做出的牺牲。

但最重要的是,我永远不会忘记这场胜利真正的归属--它属于你们。

我从来不是最有希望的候选人。一开始,我们没有太多资金,也没有得到太多人的支持。我们的竞选活动并非诞生于华盛顿的高门华第之内,而是始于得梅因、康科德、查尔斯顿这些地方的普通民众家中。

我们的竞选活动能有今天的规模,是因为辛勤工作的人们从自己的微薄积蓄中拿出钱来,捐出一笔又一笔5美元、10美元、20美元。而竞选活动的声势越来越大则是源自那些年轻人,他们拒绝接受认为他们这代人冷漠的荒诞说法;他们离开家、离开亲人,从事报酬微薄、极其辛苦的工作;同时也源自那些已经不算年轻的人们,他们冒着严寒酷暑,敲开陌生人的家门进行竞选宣传;更源自数百万的美国民众,他们自动自发地组织起来,证明了在两百多年以后,民有、民治、民享的政府并未从地球上消失。这是你们的胜利。

我知道你们的所做所为并不只是为了赢得大选,我也知道你们做这一切并不是为了我。你们这样做是因为你们明白摆在面前的任务有多艰巨。因为即便我们今晚欢呼庆祝,我们也知道明天将面临我们一生之中最为艰巨的挑战--两场战争、一个面临危险的星球,还有百年来最严重的金融危机。今晚站在此地,我们知道伊拉克的沙漠里和阿富汗的群山中还有勇敢的美国子弟兵醒来,甘冒生命危险保护着我们。会有在孩子熟睡后仍难以入眠的父母,担心如何偿还月供、付医药费或是存够钱送孩子上大学。我们亟待开发新能源、创造新的工作机会;我们需要修建新学校,还要应对众多威胁、修复与许多国家的关系。

前方的道路会十分漫长艰辛。我们可能无法在一年甚至一届任期之内实现上述目标,但我从未像今晚这样满怀希望,相信我们会实现。我向你们承诺--我们作为一个整体将会达成目标。

我们会遭遇挫折和不成功的开端。对于我作为总统所做的每项决定和政策,会有许多人持有异议,我们也知道政府并不能解决所有问题。但我会向你们坦陈我们所面临的挑战。我会聆听你们的意见,尤其是在我们意见相左之时。最重要的是,我会请求你们参与重建这个国家,以美国221年来从未改变的唯一方式--一砖一瓦、胼手胝足。

21个月前那个寒冬所开始的一切不应该在今天这个秋夜结束。今天的选举胜利并不是我们所寻求的改变--这只是我们实现改变的机会。而且如果我们仍然按照旧有方式行事,我们所寻求的改变不可能出现。没有你们,也不可能有这种改变。

因此,让我们发扬新的爱国精神,树立新的服务意识和责任感,让我们每个人下定决心全情投入、更加努力地工作,并彼此关爱。让我们铭记这场金融危机带来的教训:我们不可能在金融以外的领域备受煎熬的同时拥有繁荣兴旺的华尔街--在这个国家,我们患难与共。

让我们抵制重走老路的诱惑,避免重新回到长期荼毒美国政治的党派纷争和由此引发的遗憾和不成熟表现。让我们牢记,正是伊利诺伊州的一名男子首次将共和党的大旗扛到了白宫。共和党是建立在自强自立、个人自由以及全民团结的价值观上,这也是我们所有人都珍视的价值。虽然民主党今天晚上赢得了巨大的胜利,但我们是以谦卑的态度和弥合阻碍我们进步的分歧的决心赢得这场胜利的。林肯在向远比我们眼下分歧更大的国家发表讲话时说,我们不是敌人,而是朋友……虽然激情可能褪去,但是这不会割断我们感情上的联系。对于那些现在并不支持我的美国人,我想说,或许我没有赢得你们的选票,但是我听到了你们的声音,我需要你们的帮助,而且我也将是你们的总统。

那些彻夜关注美国大选的海外人士,从国会到皇宫,以及在这个世界被遗忘的角落里挤在收音机旁的人们,我们的经历虽然各有不同,但是我们的命运是相通的,新的美国领袖诞生了。那些想要颠覆这个世界的人们,我们必将击败你们。那些追求和平和安全的人们,我们支持你们。那些所有怀疑美国能否继续照亮世界发展前景的人们,今天晚上我们再次证明,我们国家真正的力量并非来自我们武器的威力或财富的规模,而是来自我们理想的持久力量:民主、自由、机会和不屈的希望。

这才是美国真正的精华--美国能够改变。我们的联邦会日臻完善。我们取得的成就为我们将来能够取得的以及必须取得的成就增添了希望。

这次大选创造了多项“第一”,也诞生了很多将世代流传的故事。但是今天晚上令我难忘的却是在亚特兰大投票的一名妇女:安·尼克松·库波尔(Ann Nixon Cooper)。她和其他数百万排队等待投票的选民没有什么差别,除了一点:她已是106岁的高龄。

她出生的那个时代奴隶制度刚刚结束;那时路上没有汽车,天上也没有飞机;当时像她这样的人由于两个原因不能投票--一是她是女性,另一个原因是她的肤色。

今天晚上,我想到了她在美国过去一百年间所经历的种种:心痛和希望;挣扎和进步;那些我们被告知我们办不到的世代,以及那些坚信美国信条──是的,我们能做到──的人们。

曾几何时,妇女没有发言权,她们的希望化作泡影,但是安·尼克松·库波尔活了下来,看到妇女们站了起来,看到她们大声发表自己的见解,看到她们去参加大选投票。是的,我们能做到。

当30年代的沙尘暴和大萧条引发人们的绝望之情时,她看到一个国家用罗斯福新政、新就业机会以及对新目标的共同追求战胜恐慌。是的,我们能做到。

当炸弹袭击了我们的海港、独裁专制威胁到全世界,她见证了美国一代人的伟大崛起,见证了一个民主国家被拯救。是的,我们能做到。

她看到蒙哥马利通了公共汽车、伯明翰接上了水管、塞尔马建了桥,一位来自亚特兰大的传教士告诉人们:我们能成功。是的,我们能做到。

人类登上月球、柏林墙倒下,世界因我们的科学和想像被连接在一起。今年,就在这次选举中,她用手指触碰屏幕投下自己的选票,因为在美国生活了106年之后,经历了最好的时光和最黑暗的时刻之后,她知道美国如何能够发生变革。是的,我们能做到。

美国,我们已经走过漫漫长路。我们已经历了很多。但是我们仍有很多事情要做。因此今夜,让我们自问--如果我们的孩子能够活到下个世纪;如果我们的女儿有幸活得和安一样长,他们将会看到怎样的改变?我们将会取得怎样的进步?

现在是我们回答这个问题的机会。这是我们的时刻。这是我们的时代--让我们的人民重新就业,为我们的后代敞开机会的大门;恢复繁荣发展,推进和平事业;让“美国梦”重新焕发光芒,再次证明这样一个基本的真理:我们是一家人;一息尚存,我们就有希望;当我们遇到嘲讽和怀疑,当有人说我们办不到的时候,我们要以这个永恒的信条来回应他们:

是的,我们能做到。感谢你们。愿上帝保佑你们,保佑美利坚合众国。

Barack Obama’s Victory Speech

It’s the answer that led those who’ve been told for so long by so many to be cynical and fearful and doubtful about what we can achieve to put their hands on the arc of history and bend it once more toward the hope of a better day.

It’s been a long time coming, but tonight, because of what we did on this date in this election at this defining moment change has come to America.

A little bit earlier this evening, I received an extraordinarily gracious call from Sen. McCain.

Sen. McCain fought long and hard in this campaign. And he’s fought even longer and harder for the country that he loves. He has endured sacrifices for America that most of us cannot begin to imagine. We are better off for the service rendered by this brave and selfless leader.

I congratulate him; I congratulate Gov. Palin for all that they’ve achieved. And I look forward to working with them to renew this nation’s promise in the months ahead.

I want to thank my partner in this journey, a man who campaigned from his heart, and spoke for the men and women he grew up with on the streets of Scranton and rode with on the train home to Delaware, the vice president-elect of the United States, Joe Biden.

And I would not be standing here tonight without the unyielding support of my best friend for the last 16 years the rock of our family, the love of my life, the nation’s next first lady Michelle Obama.

Sasha and Malia I love you both more than you can imagine. And you have earned the new puppy that’s coming with us to the new White House.

And while she’s no longer with us, I know my grandmother’s watching, along with the family that made me who I am. I miss them tonight. I know that my debt to them is beyond measure.

To my sister Maya, my sister Alma, all my other brothers and sisters, thank you so much for all the support that you’ve given me. I am grateful to them.

And to my campaign manager, David Plouffe, the unsung hero of this campaign, who built the best — the best political campaign, I think, in the history of the United States of America.

To my chief strategist David Axelrod who’s been a partner with me every step of the way.

To the best campaign team ever assembled in the history of politics you made this happen, and I am forever grateful for what you’ve sacrificed to get it done.

But above all, I will never forget who this victory truly belongs to. It belongs to you. It belongs to you.

I was never the likeliest candidate for this office. We didn’t start with much money or many endorsements. Our campaign was not hatched in the halls of Washington. It began in the backyards of Des Moines and the living rooms of Concord and the front porches of Charleston. It was built by working men and women who dug into what little savings they had to give $5 and $10 and $20 to the cause.

It grew strength from the young people who rejected the myth of their generation’s apathy who left their homes and their families for jobs that offered little pay and less sleep.

It drew strength from the not-so-young people who braved the bitter cold and scorching heat to knock on doors of perfect strangers, and from the millions of Americans who volunteered and organized and proved that more than two centuries later a government of the people, by the people, and for the people has not perished from the Earth.

This is your victory.

And I know you didn’t do this just to win an election. And I know you didn’t do it for me.

You did it because you understand the enormity of the task that lies ahead. For even as we celebrate tonight, we know the challenges that tomorrow will bring are the greatest of our lifetime — two wars, a planet in peril, the worst financial crisis in a century.

Even as we stand here tonight, we know there are brave Americans waking up in the deserts of Iraq and the mountains of Afghanistan to risk their lives for us.

There are mothers and fathers who will lie awake after the children fall asleep and wonder how they’ll make the mortgage or pay their doctors’ bills or save enough for their child’s college education.

There’s new energy to harness, new jobs to be created, new schools to build, and threats to meet, alliances to repair.

The road ahead will be long. Our climb will be steep. We may not get there in one year or even in one term. But, America, I have never been more hopeful than I am tonight that we will get there.

I promise you, we as a people will get there.

There will be setbacks and false starts. There are many who won’t agree with every decision or policy I make as president. And we know the government can’t solve every problem.

But I will always be honest with you about the challenges we face. I will listen to you, especially when we disagree. And, above all, I will ask you to join in the work of remaking this nation, the only way it’s been done in America for 221 years — block by block, brick by brick, calloused hand by calloused hand.

What began 21 months ago in the depths of winter cannot end on this autumn night.

This victory alone is not the change we seek. It is only the chance for us to make that change. And that cannot happen if we go back to the way things were.

It can’t happen without you, without a new spirit of service, a new spirit of sacrifice.

So let us summon a new spirit of patriotism, of responsibility, where each of us resolves to pitch in and work harder and look after not only ourselves but each other.

Let us remember that, if this financial crisis taught us anything, it’s that we cannot have a thriving Wall Street while Main Street suffers.

In this country, we rise or fall as one nation, as one people. Let’s resist the temptation to fall back on the same partisanship and pettiness and immaturity that has poisoned our politics for so long.

Let’s remember that it was a man from this state who first carried the banner of the Republican Party to the White House, a party founded on the values of self-reliance and individual liberty and national unity.

Those are values that we all share. And while the Democratic Party has won a great victory tonight, we do so with a measure of humility and determination to heal the divides that have held back our progress.

As Lincoln said to a nation far more divided than ours, we are not enemies but friends. Though passion may have strained, it must not break our bonds of affection.

And to those Americans whose support I have yet to earn, I may not have won your vote tonight, but I hear your voices. I need your help. And I will be your president, too.

And to all those watching tonight from beyond our shores, from parliaments and palaces, to those who are huddled around radios in the forgotten corners of the world, our stories are singular, but our destiny is shared, and a new dawn of American leadership is at hand.

To those — to those who would tear the world down: We will defeat you. To those who seek peace and security: We support you. And to all those who have wondered if America’s beacon still burns as bright: Tonight we proved once more that the true strength of our nation comes not from the might of our arms or the scale of our wealth, but from the enduring power of our ideals: democracy, liberty, opportunity and unyielding hope.

That’s the true genius of America: that America can change. Our union can be perfected. What we’ve already achieved gives us hope for what we can and must achieve tomorrow.

This election had many firsts and many stories that will be told for generations. But one that’s on my mind tonight’s about a woman who cast her ballot in Atlanta. She’s a lot like the millions of others who stood in line to make their voice heard in this election except for one thing: Ann Nixon Cooper is 106 years old.

She was born just a generation past slavery; a time when there were no cars on the road or planes in the sky; when someone like her couldn’t vote for two reasons — because she was a woman and because of the color of her skin.

And tonight, I think about all that she’s seen throughout her century in America — the heartache and the hope; the struggle and the progress; the times we were told that we can’t, and the people who pressed on with that American creed: Yes we can.

At a time when women’s voices were silenced and their hopes dismissed, she lived to see them stand up and speak out and reach for the ballot. Yes we can.

When there was despair in the dust bowl and depression across the land, she saw a nation conquer fear itself with a New Deal, new jobs, a new sense of common purpose. Yes we can.

When the bombs fell on our harbor and tyranny threatened the world, she was there to witness a generation rise to greatness and a democracy was saved. Yes we can.

She was there for the buses in Montgomery, the hoses in Birmingham, a bridge in Selma, and a preacher from Atlanta who told a people that “We Shall Overcome.” Yes we can.

A man touched down on the moon, a wall came down in Berlin, a world was connected by our own science and imagination.

And this year, in this election, she touched her finger to a screen, and cast her vote, because after 106 years in America, through the best of times and the darkest of hours, she knows how America can change.

Yes we can.

America, we have come so far. We have seen so much. But there is so much more to do. So tonight, let us ask ourselves — if our children should live to see the next century; if my daughters should be so lucky to live as long as Ann Nixon Cooper, what change will they see? What progress will we have made?

This is our chance to answer that call. This is our moment.

This is our time, to put our people back to work and open doors of opportunity for our kids; to restore prosperity and promote the cause of peace; to reclaim the American dream and reaffirm that fundamental truth, that, out of many, we are one; that while we breathe, we hope. And where we are met with cynicism and doubts and those who tell us that we can’t, we will respond with that timeless creed that sums up the spirit of a people: Yes, we can.

Thank you. God bless you. And may God bless the United States of America.

永远牢记孙中山先生的演讲辞:

  (既然大家都麻木了,那就让我这个唐诘诃德一个人坚持下去)
  
  永远牢记孙中山先生的演讲辞:
  
  我知道,你们很着急。张勋复辟了,国会又开不成了。我们本来是共和国,可怎么一次又一次地出现了封建主义、专制主义的东西,这个问题不解决,专制复辟,就是必然的,共和国就永远是一个泡影。
    
  共和的观念,是平等、自由、博爱嘛,可民国六年来,我们看到的是什么?各级行政官员都视法律为粪土,民众,仍被奴役着;
    
  民国应该是自由之国,可民国六年来,我们看到的是什么?是只有当权者的自由,权力大的有权力大的自由,权力小的有权力小的自由。民众,没有权力、没有自由;
    
  民国应该是博爱之国,可民国六年来,我们又看到的是什么?是只有民众对当权者恐惧的爱,而当权者对民众,只有口头上虚伪的爱。
    
  民国,更应该是法制之国,可民国六年来,我们看到的是行政权力一次又一次地肆无忌惮地干涉立法。你不听话,我就收买你,你不服从,我就逮捕你;
    
  那行政是什么呢?应该是服务于国民,行共和之政。可民国六年来,我们看到的是什么?是一个打着共和旗帜的家天下,在这个家天下的行政中,我们根本看不到透明的行政程序,更看不到监督之制,那些行政官员,是如何花掉民众的血汗钱?民众不知道那些行政官员把多少钱揣进了自己的腰包,你们不知道吧?我也不知道;
    
  你们都知道司法是裁判吧?这个裁判的原则是什么?是一部主权在民的共和国宪法,可民国六年来,我们根本没有看到,这么一部宪法嘛,就那部不成熟的《临时约法》,也一次又一次地被强奸。
  
  对了,我今天穿的这身衣服(中山服)有点古怪是吧?连裁缝都说是很奇怪的。我要说,这就是共和,这就是共和的衣服,这边,我设计了三颗钮子,共和的理念就是平等、自由、博爱;这边也有三颗钮子:民族、民权、民生;那宪法呢?我发现了个新词,叫五权宪法。立法权、行政权、司法权,这三权叫间接民权。这里装的是立法权,这儿装的是行政权,这儿装的是司法权,这三权你们都很熟悉,叫间接民权。我情有独钟的是直接民权,要让普通的民众,都有直接参政、议政的权力,一个,是考试权,我们要把考试权还给民众,今后,凡行政用人,一定要经过考试,不管是谁。还有一个是弹劾权。没地方装了,不急不急,装在这儿。为什么要把弹劾权装在里面呢?因为它是民众的杀手锏,它说不定什么时候,就突然杀出来,弹劾你。
  
  我孙文此生,没有别的希望,就一个希望,那就是:让共和不仅是一个名词,一句空话,或一个形式,要让它成为我们实实在在的生活方式,让它成为我们牢不可破的信念。